Semester 2 · Core

Responsible AI, Ethics & Governance

Responsible AI taught as engineering: you learn to find where harm and bias enter a system, measure fairness and understand why the definitions conflict, mitigate disparities, explain models honestly, protect privacy with differential privacy, and test robustness against shift and adversaries.

You also study how AI and personal data are governed, comparing jurisdictions including the EU AI Act and India's data-protection law, and what copyright and licences mean for training data, with every legal fact dated and checked against primary text. Every method is implemented from scratch on a CPU, and the subject ends with a release review that produces a model card, audit evidence and an incident plan.

2 credits · 60 h · 6 chapters · 5 labs

Semester
2
Kind
Core
Credits
2
Hours
60
Chapters
6
Graded labs
5
Prerequisites
Required: Finish this subject before you start. The subject builds directly on it.Corequisite: Take this subject before or alongside, in the same semester. Chapters lean on it as you go.Recommended: Helpful background. You can start without it if you are willing to fill the gaps.

What you’ll be able to do

  1. LO1Identify the stakeholders and harms (allocative, quality-of-service, representational, privacy, safety) of an AI system, critique its target variable, and run a risk and impact assessment that ends in a justified build, change or stop decision.
  2. LO2Trace how bias enters across the ML lifecycle (historical, representation, measurement, aggregation, evaluation, deployment, feedback loops), detect proxies quantitatively, and document data with datasheets and data statements.
  3. LO3Compute, interpret and choose group and individual fairness metrics with confidence intervals, and derive why independence, separation and sufficiency cannot all hold when base rates differ.
  4. LO4Implement and compare pre-, in- and post-processing mitigations and evaluate their fairness-accuracy trade-offs on held-out data, including levelling down and delayed impact.
  5. LO5Implement permutation importance, partial dependence and ICE, exact and sampled Shapley values, and actionable counterfactual explanations, and state when an explanation is unfaithful or misleading.
  6. LO6Demonstrate linkage and membership-inference attacks, and apply k-anonymity and differential privacy (randomised response, Laplace and Gaussian mechanisms, DP gradient descent) with correct privacy accounting.
  7. LO7Detect distribution shift, mount and defend against adversarial examples with honest evaluation, and analyse poisoning, supply-chain and generative-AI misuse risks, including detector base rates and watermark tests.
  8. LO8Map an AI system's obligations under India's DPDP Act 2023 and Rules 2025, the IT Rules, national AI guidelines and sector regulators (RBI, CERT-In), and the copyright and licence terms of its training data, and compare them with the EU AI Act and other regimes, stating commencement dates with a primary source.
  9. LO9Produce audit evidence and accountability artefacts (model cards whose numbers recompute, audit reports, release gates, incident-response plans) that a reviewer can check independently.
Measuring a model across groupsFour hatched bars show one model's score for groups A to D against a dashed target line. Groups A, B and D clear the target; group C falls below it and is filled.ABCDtarget
Fig. 1Measuring a model across groups. Illustration.

Chapters

6 chapters · each section ends with a short check

  1. 01Harms, targets and where bias enters
  2. 02Measuring and mitigating unfairness
  3. 03Explaining models and the limits of explanation
  4. 04Privacy: anonymisation failures, differential privacy and attacks on models
  5. 05Robustness, security and generative-AI risks
  6. 06Governing AI: India's laws and institutions, the EU AI Act, copyright, audits and incident response

Graded labs

  1. L1

    Data, targets and proxies

    After chapter 1 · about 5 hours · Synthetic loan applications · Course own work, CC BY 4.0 · Runs on a CPU

  2. L2

    Fairness audit and mitigation

    After chapter 2 · about 6 hours · Synthetic loan applications · Own work, CC BY 4.0 · Runs on a CPU

  3. L3

    Explanations from scratch: importance, Shapley values and recourse

    After chapter 3 · about 5 hours · Diabetes · BSD-3-Clause (scikit-learn) · Runs on a CPU

  4. L4

    Breaking and protecting privacy

    After chapter 4 · about 5 hours · Synthetic district-hospital discharge release · Course own work, CC BY 4.0 · Runs on a CPU

  5. L5

    Release review for a PIN-code digit reader: robustness, shift and incident readiness

    After chapter 6 · about 5 hours · Optical recognition of handwritten digits · BSD-3-Clause (scikit-learn) · Runs on a CPU

Before you start

Required

Finish this subject before you start. The subject builds directly on it.

Corequisite

Take this subject before or alongside, in the same semester. Chapters lean on it as you go.

Recommended

Helpful background. You can start without it if you are willing to fill the gaps.

Where it leads

Semester 4 · Capstone

Capstone Project

8 credits · 240 h · 5 milestones · solo

How it’s taught

You read short sections written for the page. Each ends with a check, and in-browser exercises let you practise. Graded labs run on your own cloud lab machine, CPU-friendly.

No videos. No live classes. No AI tutor.

How it works

Responsible AI, Ethics & Governance, in Semester 2

Enrolment isn't open yet. Pricing will be announced before it opens.

We use your email only to tell you about Epoch School's launch. Unsubscribe any time. Privacy